Scheduled for a 2029 debut, the digital euro is designed to fundamentally redefine European finance as the digital twin of physical cash.
Functioning as the third pillar of the European monetary base, this state-backed central bank digital currency (CBDC) will maintain permanent, one-to-one parity with the physical euro. While the European Central Bank (ECB) oversees the foundational issuance and settlement infrastructure, commercial banks and licensed payment providers will serve as
